Chemicals in Cigarettes

The Toll of Tobacco Stats

When You Smoke Your Baby Smokes

Three decades ago, public outrage killed an automobile model (Ford's Pinto) whose design defects allegedly caused 59 deaths. Yet every year tobacco kills more Americans than did World War II — more than AIDS, cocaine, heroin, alcohol, vehicular accidents, homicide and suicide combined.

Approximately 440,000 people die from their own smoking each year, and about 50,000 die from second-hand smoke annually.  According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 22,073 people died of alcohol, 12,113 died of AIDS, 43,664 died of car accidents, 38,396 died of drug use — legal and illegal — 18,573 died of murder and 33,300 died of suicide.

That brings us to a total of 168,119 deaths, far less than the 440,000 that die from smoking annually.

As for the part about World War II, approximately  292,000 soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines were killed in battle during World War II, according to a U.S. Census Bureau April 29, 2004, report in commemoration of the new World War II memorial in Washington, D.C.  An additional 114,000 members of U.S. forces died of other causes during the war, bringing the total to 406,000 people.

Therefore the claim — that smoking kills more people annually than in World War II or from other dangerous diseases and habits — holds up with the CDC and the Census Bureau.

The list of 599 additives approved by the US Government for use in the manufacture of cigarettes is something every smoker should see. Submitted by the five major American cigarette companies to the Dept. of Health and Human Services, tobacco companies reporting this information were:

• American Tobacco Company
• Brown and Williamson
• Liggett Group, Inc.
• Philip Morris Inc.
• R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company

While these ingredients are approved as additives for foods, they were not tested by burning them, and it is the burning of many of these substances which changes their properties, often for the worse. Over 4000 chemical compounds are created by burning a cigarette, many of which are toxic and/or carcinogenic. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide and ammonia are all present in cigarette smoke. Over 60 known carcinogens are in mainstream smoke, sidestream smoke, or both.

It’s chilling to think about not only how smokers poison themselves, but what others are exposed to by breathing in the secondhand smoke. The next time you’re missing your old buddy, the cigarette, take a good long look at this list and see them for what they are: a delivery system for toxic chemicals and carcinogens.
Many of these chemicals are also found in consumer products, but these products have warning labels. While the public is warned about the danger of the poisons in these products, there is no such warning for the toxins in tobacco smoke.

Here are a few of the chemicals in tobacco smoke, and other places they are found: 

• Acetone – found in nail polish remover
• Acetic Acid –  an ingredient in hair dye
• Ammonia – a common household cleaner
• Arsenic – used in rat poison
• Benzene – found in rubber cement
• Butane – used in lighter fluid
• Cadmium – active component in battery acid
• Carbon Monoxide – released in car exhaust fumes
• Formaldehyde – embalming fluid
• Hexamine – found in barbecue lighter fluid
• Lead – used in batteries
• Napthalene – an ingredient in moth balls
• Methanol – a main component in rocket fuel
• Nicotine – used as insecticide
• Tar – material for paving roads
• Toluene - used to manufacture paint

The American Lung Association is well known for helping people quit smoking. Of course, prevention is better than cure, so we also work hard to educate children about the dangers of tobacco use so they never light up that first cigarette. We're also busy on the state and local levels, influencing policymakers to protect Colorado's workers and residents from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.

Contact: tobacco@lungcolorado.org

 The Toll of Tobacco in Colorado

• High school students who smoke: 17.7% (48,000)
• Male high school students who use smokeless or spit tobacco: 16.8% (females use much lower)
• Kids (under 18) who become new daily smokers each year: 5,300
• Kids exposed to secondhand smoke at home: 193,000
• Packs of cigarettes bought or smoked by kids each year: 11.0 million
• Adults in Colorado who smoke: 16.0% (608,500)

U.S. National Data (2009)

• High school smoking rate: 19.5%
• Male high school students who use smokeless tobacco: 15%
• Adult smoking rate: 19.3%

Deaths in Colorado from Smoking

• Adults who die each year from their own smoking: 4,300
• Kids now under 18 and alive in Colorado who will ultimately die prematurely from smoking:  92,000

Smoking kills more people than alcohol, AIDS, car crashes, illegal drugs, murders, and suicides combined — and thousands more die from other tobacco-related causes — such as fires caused by smoking (more than 1,000 deaths/year nationwide) and smokeless tobacco use.

Smoking-Caused Monetary Costs in Colorado

• Annual health care costs in Colorado directly caused by smoking: $1.31 billion
• Portion covered by the state Medicaid program: $319 million
• Residents' state & federal tax burden from smoking-caused government expenditures: $572 per household
• Smoking-caused productivity losses in Colorado: $1.05 billion

Amounts do not include health costs caused by exposure to secondhand smoke, smoking-caused fires, smokeless tobacco use, or cigar and pipe smoking. Tobacco use also imposes additional costs such as workplace productivity losses and damage to property.

Tobacco Industry Influence in Colorado

• Annual tobacco industry marketing expenditures nationwide: $10.5 billion
• Estimated portion spent for Colorado marketing each year: $139.6 million

When You Smoke Your Baby Smokes 

When You Smoke Your Baby Smokes is a new iphone app that will explain to new parents the importance of giving their new baby a smoke free environment. Babies new lungs can be harmed by both second hand smoke that occurs when someone is smoking in the home and by third hand smoke that is on the clothes, furniture, cars and other places a person has smoked.

This 4 minute discussion of the harm from smoke and ways parents can protect their baby should be viewed by every parent in a smoker's household. These lessons are particularly important to the health of a baby born prematurely

This lesson has been found to help mothers and fathers resist the urge to re-start smoking in the weeks and months following the birth of a baby.

When You Smoke Your Baby Smokes was written and developed by Dr. Allen Merritt, Neonatologist, at Loma Linda University Children's Hospital in Loma Linda, CA.